Aphids, White-fringed Weevils, Cutworms, Lucerne Leaf-rollers, Mites, and Heliothis are some of the major insect pests in Queensland. Using highly resistant variates of Lucerne like “Pioneer L90” and “Sceptre” when planting is the best control for insect pests.
In the event of infestation it is best to cut first and remove the infected crop then spray with an appropriate Insecticide. See the DPI (The Department of Primary Industries), website for more information on types of insecticides to use for each insect type.
Some infestations like from White-fringed Weevils which damage the root system, require the crop to be ploughed in and replanted with a cereal crop as there is no registered insecticide for treating them in Queensland.
Lucerne requires regular inspections to ensure it is pest free. Pay particular attention in summer for the Leaf-roller, Aphids and Mites.
Again one of the best lines of defences is to plant resistant varieties of Lucerne. If the farmer pays particular attention to the diseases that are prevalent in their district they can choose the most suitable variety to grow.
Considering the soil types and good drainage will help reduce diseases like Root rot. Crown Rot and Leaf Spot are fungal infestations that can be treated with Herbicides, thy can commonly be see in cool wet waether. See the DPI (The Department of Primary Industries), website for more information.
Animals that are not tolerant to large feeds of Lucerne particularly fresh, can sicken and die in only a few hours from Bloat . If they don't die they can be made that sick that they can't eat for several days, affecting there growth.
Digesting Lucerne in their stomachs cause foam to form, if there is to much foam the animals throat muscles are caused to close. This prevents the gases also produced, from escaping. The pressure from the build up of gases causes internal organs to be crushed and the animal to die. Doses of Oil like Peanut oil, often put in their water, given with the Lucerne and inoculations can both help reduce this problem. Short grazing sessions in rich Lucerne paddocks helps to built their tolerances.
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