FROLIO – Formalizable Relationship-Oriented Language-Insensitive Ontology

© Roger M Tagg 2008, revised 2010

Overview of the Categories of Relationship Types 

Major Category

Icon

General Idea

Sub-categories

Arrangement
is-in some order with

Is concerned with the sequence or other arrangement (or lack of it) in which activities (i.e. things that humans, animals or other active agencies do) happen or things are arranged.

Arrangement in space (static and dynamic); Physical connection; Arrangement in time; Abstract conceptual structure; Allocation; Property and Responsibility.

Classification
is-a

Usually between 2 "classes" of things. If A is a sub-class of B, then any instance of class A also belongs to class B. An individual instance has a relationship to one Class to which it belongs (there could be many - things don't tend to follow a unique classification hierarchy.

Instance of class; Specialisation/Generalisation.

Distinguishing
is different from

Covers things related by their sameness or difference of position, time or other properties.

Difference in observable attributes; Difference in space and time; Distinction by instinct, feeling or logic; Distinction by identity.

Interaction
communicates-with

Means relationships between people and other sentient beings.

Co-operation; Speech Acts; Influence; Contention.

Logic
is-deduction-from

The relation between formalisms within human minds and the observations and measurements those formalisms attempt to describe.

Deduction; Explanation; Forethought; Insight; Justification; Summarization.

Motivation
is-motivated-by

Applies to all relationships involving envisaging a future state of affairs and attempting to make it happen - or stop it happening.

Direct human and animal motivation; Goal orientation; Commitment to an "ism".

Partitioning
is part-of

Can apply between pairs of Bounded or Unbounded Physical Objects, or between pairs of Abstract Concepts, particularly Activities and Topics.

Component-ness; Membership. 

Representation represents

Generally refers to the relationship between a set of symbols and what those symbols may be representing.

Identification; Delegate/Surrogate; Expression; Notation; Modelling.

Sensation
is experienced by

Covers the means by which brains (human, sentient animal or robot) are triggered by a variety of external things, events and feelings.

Emotion; Observation; Robotic sensing.

Transformation
is-changed-from

Covers the relationships between things as they were and things as they are after a change (arising from processing, planning, interaction etc). properties changed may include form, physical position, ownership, possession etc.

Creation and Manufacture; Reproduction; Modification and Metamorphosis; Destruction and Consumption; Transfer.

Utilisation
is-useful-for

Covers the relationship between some things (e.g. tools, humans, materials, apparatus, systems) and an intention (such as what is planned), expressing that one may be useful for the other.

Usefulness; Substitution; Opportunity; Habit.

Volition
is-wanted-by

Applies to all relationships involving envisaging a future state of affairs and attempting to make it happen - or stop it happening.

Desire; Intentional Management; constraints and Limitations; Risk.

 Comments (need improving)

There can be overlap between these major types - it is not a nice, neat categorization. The relationship of an instance to a Class, and from a member of a collection to the Collection, have some strong parallels,  and the conditions for belonging to a Class may be defined by the fact that the members belong to some Collection.

Links to each of the Categories

Arrangement
is in some order with

Classification
is a

Distinguishing
is different from

Interaction
communicates with

Logic
is deduction from

Motivation
is motivated by

Partitioning
is part of

Representation
represents

Sensation
is experienced by

Transformation
is changed from

Utility
is useful for

Volition
is wanted by

General Links

The elements of FROLIO The major relationship categories The idea of roles in relationships Author's rationale for doing all this
What we mean by Context Structures Why simple hierarchies aren't enough Constraints
A catalogue of Things What one can say about Things Abstract Concepts Activities
Scenarios Ideas Facts, truth and the real world Emotional needs and traits
A diatribe on Bullshit A diatribe on Enlightenment Index to more diatribes A reading list

Return to FROLIO home page

Some of these links may be under construction – or re-construction.

This version updated on 26th January 2010

If you have constructive suggestions or comments, please contact the author at rogertag@tpg.com.au .