Ancient Languages

Listed here are extinct languages and when they existed.

Name Subgroup Description
Abipon Mataco- Guaicuru An extinct Native American Indian language, which died out in the 19th century.
Adai An extinct Native American Indian language of Louisiana and Texas. Survived until the 19th century.
Aequian An ancient language of East-central Italy. Last centuries BC.
Aghwan Lezgian An extinct language of the Caucasus. 6th-8th Centuries AD. No connection with the IE language Albanian or the modern country of Albania. Inscriptions in Daghestan. Thought to be related to the modern Udi language.
Akkadian East Semitic An ancient language of the Middle East. The language of diplomacy and culture from the 3rd Millennium BC to the early 1st Millennium. Survived until around 100 AD.
Alanic Iranian The extinct unknown language of the Alans, who came from Asia and overran the Iberian Peninsula around AD 409, before being displaced by the Visigoths.
Ancient Macedonian Macedonian The ancient language of the Macedonian kingdom in N. Greece and modern Macedonia during the later 1st millennium BC. Survived until the early 1st millennium AD. Not to be confused with the modern Macedonian language, which is a close relative of the Slavic Bulgarian.
Anglo- Norman French An extinct language spoken in England. Based upon the Norman dialect of Old French, it developed after the Norman conquest of England into a distinct variety of its own. 12th - 15th centuries AD.
Apalachee Muskogean An extinct Native American language of Florida and Georgia. Survived until the 18th century.
Aquitanian Basque An ancient language of South-western Gaul and (marginally) northern Spain. Early centuries AD. Recorded only as about 400 personal names and 70 divine names embedded in brief Latin texts. Now thought to be related to Basque.
Aranama- Tamique An extinct Native American language of Texas. Survived until the late 19th century.
Arin Yenisei Ostyak An extinct native Siberian language. Survived until the 18th century AD.
Armazic Aramaic An extinct language of the Caucasus. A local variant of Aramaic used as a language of administration. 1st-2nd centuries AD.
Assan Yenisei Ostyak An extinct native Siberian language. Survived until the 18th century AD.
Bactrian Eastern Iranian An ancient language of Central Asia. 300 BC - 1000 AD.
Bolgarian Bolgar An Extinct language of Central Russia. 13th century AD.
Camunic An ancient language of North-western Italy. Survived until the second half of first millennium BC.
Carian Anatolian An ancient language of south-western Anatolia, though most texts are from Carian communities in Egypt. Dates from 1st millennium BC.
Carolina Algonquian Algonquian An extinct Native American language of North Carolina/Virginia. Survived until the early 18th century AD.
Cayuse An extinct Native American language of Oregon and Washington. Survived until 1930s.
Celtiberian Continental Celtic An ancient language of the Iberian Peninsular. Circa 175 BC to 100 AD.
Chemakum Chimakuan An extinct Native American language of Washington, USA. Survived until the 1940s AD.
Chorasmian Eastern Iranian An ancient language of Central Asia. 300 BC - 1000 AD.
Chuvantsy Yukaghir Extinct language of Siberia. Survived until perhaps the 18th century AD.
Cisalpine Gaulish Continental Celtic An ancient language found primarily in Northern Italy. 150-50 BC.
Classical Armenian Armenian The earliest texts in Classical Armenian date to around 450 AD, written in the alphabet traditionally thought to have been invented in 410 AD by the monk St. Mesrob. Classical Armenian remained the literary language until the 19th century, and is still used in some basic prayers and songs of the Armenian Apostolic Church.
Classical Mongolian Mongolian Language of Central Asia. An earlier form of Mongolian used 1500 AD.
Coahuilteco Coahuiltecan An extinct Native American language of Texas and north-eastern Mexico. Survived until mid 20th century AD.
Comecrudo Coahuiltecan An extinct Native American language of north-eastern Mexico. Survived until 19th century AD.
Cotoname Coahuiltecan An extinct Native American language of north-eastern Mexico. Survived until 19th century.
Cumbric Brittonic An extinct language from northern England, whose traces have been found in a Latin legal tract dating from 1000 AD.
Cuneiform Luwian Luwic An ancient language of Eastern Anatolia. Limited to a few texts from the Hittite archives in Hattusa. 2nd Millennium BC.
Cupeño Takic An extinct Native American language of the Southwest USA. 500 - 1982 AD.
Curonian Western Baltic A language spoken on the coast of Lithuania and Latvia until the 17th century AD.
Dacian Thracian An ancient language of the Balkans. 1st Millennium BC - 500 AD.
Early Tripuri Bodo-Garo An ancient language of Northeast India.
Eblan East Semitic An ancient language of N. Mesopotamia. 3rd Millennium BC.
Edomite Canaanite An ancient language of the area east of the Jordan river. Earlier half of the 1st Millennium BC.
Egyptian Egyptian An ancient language of Egypt, usually known as Ancient Egyptian. 3000 BC - 300 BC.
Elamitic An ancient language of south-western Iran. Unclassified, perhaps related to Dravidian. 3rd millennium BC - 8th Century BC.
Elymian Indo- European An ancient language of Sicily. Indo-European, but probably not a member of the Italic branch. 2nd half of 1st Millennium BC.
Epi-Olmec Zoque The language of a hieroglyphic Mesoamerican script deciphered in 1993 by John S. Justeson and Terrence Kaufman. It was spoken in the modern Mexican states of Veracruz, Tabasco, Chiapas, and Oaxaca and was used 100 BC - 200 AD.
Epigraphic Mayan Mayan The language or languages of the Mayan glyphs, these are still too recently deciphered to be fully understood. The monuments are mostly in a language of the Cholan subgroup, an archaic version of either Chol or Chortí; they may also be in one of the Tzeltalan languages, which are closely related to Cholan. The codices seem to be often in Yucatec.
Etchemin Algic An extinct language of North America. Survived until the 18th Century.
Eteocretan An ancient language of Crete, 4th-3rd centuries BC. Written in Greek alphabet, but uninterpretable. Possibly a later form of Minoan.
Eteocypriot An ancient language of Cyprus, up to 4th C BC. Undeciphered tablets from Enkomi, written in a syllabary, possibly a descendant of Linear A.
Etruscan Tyrrhenian An ancient language of Central and Northern Italy. 7th century BC - 100 AD.
Faliscan Latino- Faliscan An ancient language of Central Italy, 650 - 100 BC. Faliscan can be broken down chronologically into the following periods: Archaic Faliscan c. 650-500 BC; Medio-Faliscan 500 BC - 241 BC; Neo-Faliscan 241 BC - 100 BC.
Gabrielino- Fernandeqo Serrano- Gabrielino An extinct Native American language. Survived until mid 20th century. Materials collected until 1933 AD.
Galatian Continental Celtic An ancient language of Asia Minor. The dates of this language are problematic, since all material is contained within texts in other languages. Perhaps from the late 1st millennium BC, and spoken until the 6th century AD, according to Greek Historians.
Galindan Western Baltic A language spoken in Northern Poland and Russia. Until 14th century. Very similar to Old Prussian.
Garza Coahuiltecan An extinct Native American language of Texas and north-eastern Mexico. Until the 19th century.
Hadrami South Arabian An ancient language of Yemen. 100 BC - 600 AD.
Harami South Arabian An ancient language of Yemen. 100 BC - 600 AD.
Hattic An ancient language of Central Anatolia. 2nd Millennium BC.
Hernican Oscan An ancient language of central Italy, member of the Oscan group within Sabellic. Two inscriptions identified thus far, dating to first millennium BC.
Hieroglyphic Luwian Luwic An ancient language of Southern and Western Anatolia. 2nd-1st Millennium BC.
Hittite Anatolian An ancient language of Central Anatolia. 2nd - 1st millennium BC.
Hunnic An extinct language of Eastern Europe. Unclassified, possibly Turkic. 4th century AD. The unrecorded language of the Huns.
Hurrian Hurro- Urartean An ancient language of Northeast Anatolia: the native language of the state of Mitanni. 2nd - 1st Millennium BC.
Iberian An ancient language of the Iberian Peninsular. 2nd half of 1st Millennium BC - 1st half of 1st Millennium AD.
Illyrian Illyrian An ancient language of the Balkans. Possibly the ancestor of Modern Albanian. 2nd half of 1st Millennium BC - 1st half of 1st Millennium AD.
Indus Valley Language An ancient language of the Indus Valley and Baluchistan. 2500-1900 BC.
Kalapuyan An extinct Native American language of Oregon, USA. Survived until sometime after 1937 AD.
Kamas Southern Samoyedic An extinct language of Southern Siberia. Until 18th-19th AD.
Karankawa Hokan An extinct Native American language of Texas. Until 19th Century.
Kaskean An ancient language of North-eastern Anatolia. 2nd Millennium BC.
Kaurna Yura A language of the Adelaide Plains and Fleurieu Peninsula in Australia. The last known first language speaker died in 1931.
Kawi Javanese An ancient language of Java. 1st Millennium AD.
Khazar Bolgar An extinct language of Southern Russia. 6th - 12th century AD.
Khorezmian Turkic An extinct language of Central Asia. 13th-14th century AD.
Kitan Mongolian An extinct language of Central Asia. 916 - 1125 AD.
Koibal Southern Samoyedic An extinct language of Southern Siberia. Survived until 18th-19th century AD.
Kott Yenisei Ostyak An extinct language of Siberia. Survived until middle of 19th century AD. Spoken along Siberian rivers Kan and Berjusa.
Krevinian Baltic-Finnic An extinct language of Latvia. Material from 15th-19th centuries AD.
Kuman Ponto- Caspian An extinct language of Southern Russia. 11th-14th centuries AD.
Kwalhioqua- Tlatskanai Athapaskan An extinct Native American language of Oregon, USA. Survived until about 1930 AD.
Langobardic Upper German An ancient language of Hungary and Northern Italy. 4th - 9th century AD.
Late Middle Chinese Chinese An earlier form of Chinese, used in North China. 7th to 10th centuries AD.
Lemnian Tyrrhenian An ancient language of the Greek island of Lemnos. Until perhaps 400 BC. Attested on one stele and some fragments of pottery. Now accepted to be a distinct language from Etruscan, but related.
Lepontic Continental Celtic An ancient language of Northern Italy. 600 BC - 1 BC.
Liburnian Indo- European An ancient language of the coast of Croatia. Indo-European, but of doubtful affiliation. Roman period.
Ligurian An ancient language of north-western Italy. 300 BC- 100 AD.
Loup A Algonquian An extinct Native American language of New England. Until early 19th century.
Loup B Algonquian An extinct Native American language of New England. Survived until the 18th century.
Lusitanian Indo- European An ancient language of the south-western Iberian Peninsular. 2nd Century AD.
Lycian Luwic An ancient language of Western Anatolia. 500 BC to about 200 BC. The term 'Lycian' is now used in place of 'Lycian A.' A variety of Lycian, formerly called 'Lycian B,' is Milyan, which dates to the first millennium BC and is attested in two texts in Anatolia.
Lydian Anatolian An ancient language of Western Anatolia. 400 BC.
Mamulique Coahuiltecan An extinct Native American language of North-eastern Mexico. Survived until the 19th Century AD. Wordlist 1829 AD.
Marrucinian Oscan An ancient language of the Central Adriatic coast of Italy. Probably a member of the Oscan group within Sabellic. The main text dates to the mid 3rd century BC.
Marsian Umbrian An ancient language of east-central Italy. 300-150 BC. Scanty remains.
Mator- Taygi- Karagas Southern Samoyedic An extinct language of southern Siberia. 18th-19th century AD.
Median Western Iranian An ancient language of Iran, and the language of the Median Empire. 500 BC - 100 AD.
Meroitic The ancient language of the Meroitic culture in the Sudan. 200 BC - 4th century AD.
Messapic Indo- European An ancient language of South-eastern Italy. 600-100 BC.
Middle Armenian Armenian Extinct language spoken in eastern Anatolia. 11th - 15th century AD.
Middle Breton Brittonic An extinct language of Brittany, France. Middle Breton dates from ca. 1100 - 1600 AD.
Middle Cornish Brittonic An extinct language spoken in south-western England. Middle Cornish is attested from the 14th to the 16th century AD.
Middle Dutch Low Franconian A language of the Netherlands and Belgium, the ancestor of Modern Dutch. 1050-1350 AD.
Middle English Middle English A language of Great Britain, the ancestor of Modern English. 11th - 15th centuries AD.
Middle French French A language of the Northern and Central France and Belgium. The ancestor of Modern French. 15th - 17th century AD.
Middle High German German A language of Germany, Switzerland, and Austria. The cluster of dialects which were the ancestors of Modern German. 1050 - 1300 AD.
Middle Hittite Anatolian An ancient language spoken in central Anatolia. 1450-1380 BC.
Middle Irish Goidelic A language of Ireland and Western Scotland. The ancestor of Modern Irish. 900 - 1200 AD.
Middle Mongolian Mongolian A language of Central Asia. The ancestor of many Modern Mongolian dialects. 13th to 14th centuries AD.
Middle Newar Himalayish A language of Nepal. The ancestor of modern Newari. 11th to 15th centuries AD.
Middle Welsh Brittonic A language of Great Britain, the ancestor of Modern Welsh. 12th to 14th centuries AD.
Miluk Coosan An extinct Native American language of Oregon, USA. Survived until 1939 AD.
Milyan Luwic An ancient language of Anatolia. First millennium BC. Recorded in a single text. Formerly regarded as a variety of Lycian ('Lycian B'), but now usually regarded as a distinct language.
Minaean South Arabian An ancient language of Yemen. 100 BC - 600 AD.
Minoan An ancient language of Crete. Material found up to 1200 BC.
Moabite Canaanite An ancient language of the area east of the Jordan river. Earlier half of the 1st Millennium BC.
Mochica An extinct Native American language of Lambayeque, Peru. Survived until 1920 AD.
Mycenaean Greek Greek An ancient language of Southern Greece and Crete. The language of the Linear B texts. Late 2nd Millennium BC.
Mysian An ancient language of western Anatolia. Before 1st Century AD.
Nadruvian Baltic A language once spoken in the Kaliningrad region of Russian and Lithuania. Extinct.
Nam Tibetic Extinct language of Central Asia. 8th - 10th Centuries AD. One or more long, undeciphered texts are preserved.
Neo-Hittite Anatolian An ancient language spoken in central Anatolia. 1380-1220 BC.
Noric Continental Celtic An ancient language, spoken in the Balkans from the 4th century BC - 100 AD.
North Picene An ancient language of Italy. 1st millennium BC.
Northern Kalapuya Kalapuya An extinct Native American language of Oregon, USA. Survived until 1937 AD.
Nottoway- Meherrin Tuscarora- Nottoway An extinct Native American language of Virginia/North Carolina. Survived until 19th Century AD. Wordlists 1820-1836 AD.
Numidian Berber An ancient language of Northwest Africa. 200 BC.
Old Avar Lezgian Possibly Lezgian. Northern Caucasus. 13th century AD. Used Georgian script.
Old Breton Brittonic An extinct language of Brittany, France. Old Breton is attested from the early or mid 9th - the late 10th century AD.
Old Burmese Southern Burmish A language of Myanmar. The ancestor of modern Burmese. 11th-13th centuries AD.
Old Chinese Chinese A language of China. The ancestor of modern Chinese. 8th century - 3rd century BC. Very well attested in an extensive literature, though the phonological reconstruction is contested.
Old Cornish Brittonic An extinct language spoken in south-western England. Old Cornish is attested from the late 9th century - the 14th century.
Old English North Sea Germanic A language of Great Britain. The ancestor of Modern English. 7th - 11th centuries AD.
Old French French A language of Northern and Central France, Belgium. The ancestor of modern French. 10th - 15th century AD.
Old Frisian North Sea Germanic A language of the coast of the Netherlands, and the North Sea coast of Germany. The ancestor of modern Frisian. Until 14th century AD.
Old Georgian Georgian An ancient language of Georgia (in the Caucasus). 4th or 5th century AD through 11th century AD.
Old High German High German A language of Southern and Central Germany, Switzerland and Austria. The ancestor of modern High German. 8th - 11th centuries AD.
Old Hittite Anatolian An ancient language spoken in central Anatolia. 1570-1450 BC.
Old Hungarian Hungarian The language of the Magyars who, under their leader Árpád, invaded and settled Hungary, c.895. It was also the language of the early Hungarian state which they founded. Until the 11th century AD it was written in a runic script (called the Rovás) which is related to that of the oldest Turkic writing. Most Old Hungarian texts in this script were destroyed when King István (Stephen) converted to Christianity in the early 11th century A.D., and the Roman alphabet was introduced. The earliest extant Hungarian documents in the Roman alphabet go back to the 13th cent. and are the oldest texts of a Uralic language. Late 9th century – 15th century.
Old Irish Goidelic A language of Ireland and Western Scotland. The ancestor of modern Irish. 600 - 900 AD.
Old Japanese Japanese A language of Japan. The ancestor of modern Japanese. 7th-10th centuries AD.
Old Koguryo An ancient language of Korea and Manchuria. 1st century BC to 8th century AD.
Old Korean A language of Korea. The ancestor of modern Korean. 6th to 10th Century AD.
Old Manipuri Meithei A language of India. Ancestor of modern Manipuri. 8th century AD to 16th century AD.
Old Marathi Indo-Aryan Old Marathi is the classical written form of the language as it appears in abundant literature and inscriptions. 1000-1350 AD.
Old Monic Monic An ancient language of modern Southeast Asia. 6th - 14th centuries AD.
Old Norse West Scandinavian A language of Western Scandinavia, the native tongue of the Vikings. 8th - 14th centuries AD.
Old Nubian Nubian Nubian was the principal language of the Sudan and the southern part of Egypt during the Middle Ages. Old Nubian is written in a modified form of the Greek uncial alphabet, with extra characters taken from Coptic and Meroitic. Approximately half the material in the language is composed of Christian religious texts such as the Septuagint and the Greek New Testament. It is the direct ancestor of modern Nubian. 8th - 15th centuries AD.
Old Ossetic Eastern Iranian An ancient language of Central Asia. 300 BC - 1000 AD.
Old Persian Western Iranian An ancient language of Iran. 6th - 4th centuries BC.
Old Provencal Occitanian A language of Southern France. The ancestor of modern Occitanian. 10th - 15th century AD.
Old Russian East Slavic A language of Russia. The ancestor of modern Russian. 10th - 17th centuries AD.
Old Saxon North Sea Germanic A language of Northern Germany. The ancestor of modern Low German. 9th - 12th centuries AD.
Old Tibetan Tibetic A language of Tibet and Central Asia. The ancestor of modern Tibetan. 7th to 10th centuries AD.
Old Turkish Turkic An ancient language of Central Asia, spoken between the 7th and 13th centuries AD. The oldest written records are on stone monuments in the so-called "Turkish runic" (actually an Aramaic-based) script, now more usually called the Orkhon script, for inscriptions are found in the Orhon, Yenisey and Talas regions within the boundaries of present-day Mongolia.
Old Uighur Turkic A language of Central Asia. The ancestor of modern Uighur. 9th - 14th Centuries AD.
Old Welsh Brittonic A language of Britain. The ancestor of Modern Welsh. 9th to 11th centuries AD.
Omok Yukaghir Extinct language of Siberia. Survived until 18th century.
Oscan Oscan An ancient language of Italy. 1st Millennium BC.
Paekche An ancient language of Korea. 5th to 7th centuries AD.
Paelignian Oscan An ancient language of East-central Italy. Italic, but unclassified. Late centuries BC.
Palaic Anatolian An ancient language of northern Anatolia. 2nd Millennium BC.
Pamlico Algonquian An extinct Native American language of Virginia/North Carolina. Wordlists are found from the 16th and 17th centuries AD.
Parthian Western Iranian An ancient language of Central Asia. The language of the Parthian Empire. 300 BC - 1000 AD.
Pecheneg Ponto- Caspian An extinct language of Southern Russia, Hungary. 7th - 12th centuries AD.
Pehlevi Persian An ancient language of Iran, the ancestor of modern Persian. 300 BC - 1000 AD.
Phoenician Canaanite An ancient language of the coast of Lebanon and Israel. 2nd - 1st Millennium BC.
Phrygian Phrygian An ancient language of Western Anatolia. 8th century BC to 2nd century AD. Old Phrygian from 8th - 3rd centuries BC, in distinct alphabet, related to Greek; later texts in Greek alphabet.
Picene Umbrian An ancient language of Italy. 6th century BC to 4th century BC.
Pictish An ancient language of Scotland. 7th to 10th centuries AD. Attested on a number of inscriptions in north-eastern Scotland. Sometimes regarded as a single Celtic language, possibly not distinct from British. Some scholars believe there were two Pictish languages, one Indo-European and one non-Indo-European. It may also be a single non-Indo-European language.
Pisidian Anatolian An ancient language of Anatolia. Before 1st Century AD.
Pochutec Aztecan An extinct language of Oaxaca, Mexico.
Pumpokol Yenisei Ostyak An extinct language of Siberia. Until 18th Century AD.
Punic Canaanite An ancient language of Northern Africa. An offshoot of Phoenician. 1st Millennium BC - 700 AD.
Pyu Lolo- Burmese An ancient language of Myanmar, Thailand. c. 5th? - 12th century AD.
Qatabanian South Arabian An ancient language of Yemen. 100 BC - 600 AD.
Raetic Tyrrhenian An ancient language of Northern Italy, Switzerland, Austria. 1st Millennium BC. Probably related to Etruscan.
Sabaean South Arabian An ancient language of Yemen. 100 BC - 600 AD.
Sabine Umbrian An ancient language of Northeast-central Italy. Mid-first millennium BC. Probably a member of the Umbrian group. Mid-first millennium BC, perhaps surviving as late as the 3rd or 2nd century BC.
Sakan Eastern Iranian An ancient language of Central Asia. 300 BC - 1000 AD.
Scythian Eastern Iranian An ancient language of Central Asia. 6th to 1st centuries BC.
Selian Baltic An extinct language of Latvia and Lithuania. Survived until 16th century.
Sicanian An ancient language of Central Sicily. Pre-Roman times.
Sicel Indo- European An ancient language of Sicily. Indo-European, but unclassified. Four inscriptions of the 3rd century BC and coins of the 6th and 5th centuries BC.
Sidetic Anatolian An ancient language of the city of Side, Anatolia. 3rd - 2nd centuries BC.
Skalvian Baltic A language once spoken in the Kaliningrad region of Russian and Lithuania. Extinct.
Sogdian Eastern Iranian An ancient language of Central Asia. 300 BC - 1000 AD.
Solano An extinct language of Northeast Mexico. Wordlist 1703-1708 AD.
Sorothaptic An ancient language of the Iberian Peninsula. Pre-Celtic Bronze Age.
Sudovian Western Baltic A language spoken in Lithuania, Poland and Byelorus. The language of the Yatviags. Until 16th century.
Sumerian An ancient language of S. Iraq. Probably the first written language. Before 1st Millennium BC.
Tangut Tangut- Qiang An ancient language of Central Asia. 11th - 14th centuries AD.
Tartessian An ancient language of South-western Spain. 1st Millennium BC.
Timucua An extinct Native American language of Florida. 16th and 17th centuries AD.
Thracian Thracian An ancient language of Southern Balkans. 1st Millennium BC - 500 AD.
Tokharian A and B Tokharian An ancient language of Xinjiang, Western China. 7th - 10th centuries AD.
Transalpine Gaulish Continental Celtic An ancient language of France and Belgium. Late 1st Millennium BC - 3rd or 4th century AD, though some believe it continued to be spoken later to a later period.
Ugaritic Canaanite An ancient language of Syria. 15th to 13th Century BC.
Umbrian Umbrian An ancient language of Central and Southern Italy. Until before the 1st century AD. Mid-first millennium BC, perhaps surviving as late as the 3rd or 2nd century BC.
Upper Umpqua Athapaskan- Eyak An extinct Native American language of Oregon, USA. 1841-1940 AD.
Urartian Hurro- Urartean An ancient language of North-eastern Anatolia. 1st Millennium BC.
Vandalic East Germanic An ancient language of Spain and Africa. 5th century AD.
Venetic Indo- European An ancient language of northern Italy. 5th BC - 1st century BC.
Vestinian Oscan An ancient language of east-central Italy. 250-100 BC.
Volscian Umbrian An ancient language of Italy. Mid- to early 1st millennium BC.
Wappo Yuki An extinct Native American language of Northern California, USA. Survived until late 20th century.
Woccon Catawba An extinct Native American language of North/South Carolina, USA. Wordlist 1709 AD.
Written Oirat Oirat- Kalmyk- Darkhat An extinct language of Southern Russia, Central Asia. 17th - 20th centuries AD.
Yassic Iranian An extinct language of Hungary. 5th century AD.
Yug Yenisei Ostyak An extinct language of Siberia. 18th - 20th century AD.
Yuki Yuki An extinct Native American language of Northern California. Survived until 20th century AD.
Zemgalian Baltic An extinct language of Latvia and Lithuania.
Zhang-zhung Western Himalayish An ancient language of Western Tibet & Central Asia. 7th - 10th century AD.

 

The Roman Era