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Abbreviations.com 19 July 2007
directory and search engine for Internet acronyms, abbreviations & initialisms includes All That JAS: Journal Abbreviation Sources registry of web resources that list or provide access to full title of journal abbreviations;

AbbreviationZ.com 10 March 2006
largest human-edited acronyms & abbreviations directory on internet; 350000+ entries in 120+ categories & sub-categories; metasearch based on proprietary natural-language-processing algorithms that look up & parse multiple search-engines simultaneously;

Acronym Finder 313000+ acronyms & abbreviations with definitions 21 October 2003
free, in languages including French, German, Swedish, Spanish, Portuguese; See also Acronyma, All Acronyms;

Activity Streams 11 Januaryu 2009
Google, Facebook, MySpace et al meet to talk Activity Streams;

Affixes: the building blocks of English 20 September 2008
prefixes, suffixes infixes which most often appear as linking vowels -i- & -o- between prefix & stem or stem & suffix to prevent two consonants clashing; based on Michael Quinion’s Ologies & Isms: Word Beginnings & Endings(Oxford University Press, 2002);

Answers.com(former GuruNet intelligent agent) 8 January 2005
100+ sources including Wikipedia, Columbia University Press, & Who2 natural language search; Google now uses instead of Dictionary.com for definitions; co-branded version via Opera browser's drop down search toolbar; added natural language search, July 2006; 2 Nov 2010: 10m user-generated answers for Answers.com;

Automated Content Access Protocol(ACAP) 14 June 2007
project from World Association of Newspapers, European Publishers Council & International Publishers Association for access & use of content in a form recognised & interpreted by a search engine spider;

Automobile valuations etc. 8 August 2007
CarPoint.com.au used & new cars, compare any car, dealers, sell, finance, insurance, auto shop, car research, carsales.com.au, Wheels motor, 4x4 australia, street machine, unique cars, auto action; BikePoint.com.au, used bikes, new bikes, Dealers, sell your bike, finance insurance bike research, bikesales.com.au, motorcycle trader; AMCN magazine, BoatPoint.com.au, boats for sale, new boat info, dealers, sell your boat, finance, insurance, boat research, trade-a-boat, trailer boat, blue water, RVPoint.com.au; TruckHub.com.au; FactoryHub.com.au; FarmHub.com.au; ForestryHub.com.au; ConstructionHub.com.au; MineHub.com.au; HorsePoint.com.au; quicksales.com.au; caravan world, caravan trader, motorhome trader, motorhome guide, camper trailer guide; Trading Post - Buying & Selling Goods Online Australia wide. Buy & Sell Cars, Boats, Furniture, Dogs, Electronics, Fridges, Instruments, Pools, Home Theater; News Ltd Cars Australia Find a car; Sell your car; Research; New & used car prices; Specifications for new & used cars;Photo galleries; Motorsports; Features; Browse all road tests & reviews by make; Browse by car type; Find a dealer for new & used cars; Classifieds - Automotive - Anzwers; Rearview Links; Fairfax Digital Drive Buy: Search Cars | Specials | Value your car | Compare Cars | Car Buying Service | Auctions | Finance | Insurance | Drive Mobile / Value your car / News | Reviews | Videos | Photos | Blogs | Net polls | RSS;

Bartleby.com: Nonfiction 8 September 2007
100+ free popular nonfiction works; World's Famous Orations edited by William Jennings Bryan; collected works of Francis Bacon, John Stuart Mill's Autobiography, Thomas à Kempis' devotional work The Imitation of Christ; .

Best of the Web (BOTW) See also Best of the Web(New York Public Library) 21 February 2009
To rank on BOTWa site must adhere to the strict criteria of editors - contains substantive unique content, navigates in a user-friendly manner, contains no broken links or pictures, is up & running 24/7, & conforms to universally accepted web standards; guide to best in the world of blogs Best of the Web Blogs Directory;

Biblical Manuscripts Project 20 March 2006
high quality images & transcriptions of important Bible manuscripts & early printed editions freely available

Book of Odds reference on the odds of everyday life 18 October 2009
engaging & thoughtful articles, participate in a community of users that share interests & ambitions, 100000s of Odds Statements; search for those odds & to understand probability by comparing odds of unfamiliar events to others experienced; "BofO is not a search-engine, decision-engine, knowledge-engine, or any other kind of engine…so please don’t compare us to Google™. We did consider the term “probability engine” for about 25 seconds, before coming to our senses;

Brochhaus Encycopedia free from mid April 2008
Brockhaus Enzyklopädie ist in jeder Hinsicht ein wahres Meisterwerk. Sie verbindet inhaltliche Präzision und Informationsfülle mit überzeugender äußerer Form. Edle Materialien verarbeitet in perfekter buchbinderischer Handwerkskunst machen die 30 Bände zu einem optischen und haptischen Genuss. Redaktionell komplett überarbeitet und neu bebildert präsentiert sich der Inhalt: Auf 24 500 Seiten umfasst die Enzyklopädie rund 300 000 Stichwörter und etwa 40 000 Bilder, Satellitenaufnahmen, Grafiken und ganz- oder mehrseitige Bildtafeln. Die einzigartige Audiothek ergänzt Wort und Bild um 70 Stunden Tondokumente.

Calculators 4 December 2010
CircleCalc high precision calculator performs hundreds of calculations, use the application to save entries, reorder numbers, take advantage of scientific notation; available as an app for iPhone & iPad;

Cambridge Dictionaries Online 12 January 2003
free search access including Dictionary of American English, Idioms, Phrasal Verbs, International Dictionary of English, bilingual dictionaries

Catalog of US Government Publications 31 May 2003
search-&-retrieval service for bibliographic records of US Government information products from January 1994; search by keyword, title, class number, depository item number, GPO stock number, date; records include title, short & full record link, option to locate libraries, link to publication if available online; agency publication indexes, agency Web site links, new electronic titles

Complete Review: A Literary Saloon & Site of Review 25 August 2002
selectively comprehensive, objectively opinionated survey of books old & new, trying to meet all your book review, preview, & information needs

Computational knowledge engines Wolfram Alpha; True #; See also Fact engines 11 August 2009

Conjugation.com engine 1 April 2010
conjugates 15000 verbs in affirmative, interrogative, & negative forms, with all tenses & persons; English verbs only other languages to follow

Cosmic Distance Scale 6 October 2003
NASA site demonstrates astronomical distances; Zoom Out link gives continuously larger areas of our universe; Tell Me About_link to information about particular objects; importance, distance, time it would take to travel to the object.

Country Studies: Library of Congress Federal Research Division 27 July 2003
description & analysis of historical setting & social, economic, political, & national security systems & institutions of countries, examines interrelationships of those systems & how they are shaped by cultural factors; See also Country Insights(Canadian Centre for Intercultural Learning) information on business culture for countries worldwide;

Cpedia (start at http://www.cuil.com and enter a topic) aggregating instant reference pages; 12 April 2010

Credibility Commons 25 November 2008
Creating awareness about issues of credibility online; Developing an empirical basis for action to provide practical support for people’s online behavior; Developing tools to improve users ability to assess information in context; empirical studies of people’s individual & collaborative behaviors pertaining their use & assessment of information, transactions,& social relationships online; works with developers & information providers in translating existing knowledge of information credibility into the development of tools that assist information cosumers in the strategic use of information; a public Internet presence with tools, tutorials, research reports, consumer guides, & means of taking in user feedback;

Credo Reference (formerly xrefer) 23 June 2007
customizable ready-reference solution; full-text, aggregated content for major subject from world publishers of reference; 3m entries/273 titles/57 publishers; (23 April 2009) founded as Xrefer in 1999, a free open access rival to Wikipedia. Relaunched 2003 w. 410
titles from 62 publishers libraries can select titles ($40,000 value for several thousands by subscription to get all titles) access to any of a possible 3,205,731 entries, from 414 titles & 63 publishers (23/4/2009);

DateDex lists event calendars of worlds influential organisations, countries, religions, sports, etc 8 July 2004

DBpedia extracts structured information from Wikipedia, converts itto RDF for Web 29 June 2011
Semantic Web mirror of Wikipedia. W users constantly revise with constant updates so data stored in official DBpedia endpoint quickly becomes outdated; DBpedia Live enables continuous synchronization between DBpedia & Wikipedia;

Dictionarist free multi-language talking dictionary with translations & pronunciation 11 March 2008
translation in 13 languages: to & from English, Spanish, Portuguese, German, French, Italian, Russian, Turkish, Dutch, Greek, Chinese, Japanese & Korean; virtual keyboards for English, German, French, Italian, Spanish, Russian, Turkish-F, Turkish-Q, Portuguese, Dutch & Greek; dictionary index lets you browse the indexes for words and phrases; pronounces the words in all dictionaries; See also Lingro collaborative dictionary & translation service combining open dictionaries on the web with user contributions under CreativeCommons license; javascript bookmarklet makes every word on page clickable for dictionary pop-up; add your own definitions; audio pronunciations; only supports European languages; upload files from your desktop to translate on the fly; See also Lexicool searchable directory to 6000+ freely available online bilingual & multilingual dictionaries & glossaries searchable by language(s), subject, or title/keyword, directory of translation & interpreting courses, listing of translator & interpreter associations worldwide, language resources, freeware to download & links to sites for currency conversion, text analysis & language identification;

Dictionary of National Biography ed. Leslie Stephen & Sidney Lee (UK) also at Internet Archive 27 August 2009
biographical reference for deceased persons notable in British history; current edition published online by Oxford University Press since 2004; earlier editions are freely available online, & remain of historic interest; 1st & 2nd ed & 7 supplementary vols(to 1960) free;

DictSearch 3 June 2003
direct access to translation dictionaries in the language combination of your choice; supports English to Arabic dictionaries & translation of Arabic terms into French, German, English & Welsh; See also Freelang language dictionaries;

Dicts.info dictionaries in all languages, translation & pictorial; glossaries; grammars; Thesauri 22 February 2009

Digital South Asia Library(Center for Research Libraries) 26 July 2008
Library of Congress, Asia Society, British Library, South Asia Microform Project participate; Indexes; Images; Maps -Imperial gazetteers of India; Historical Atlas of South Asia, 1992; Statistics- Statistical Abstract relating to British India, 1840 to 1920

easyWHOis 12 July 2002
any domain; .com, .net, & .org domains, & most country-level Top Level Domains. Now supporting .info & .biz

literature, history, art, music, religion, economics, philosophy; home pages of societies and people who work on C18 topics; electronic texts of C18 authors;

Encyclopedia Mythica founder/editor Micha Lindemans 18 September 2004
mythology, folklore, bestiary, heroes, genealogy tables, book on witchcraft, Jewish philosopher Moses Maimonides,1898 edition of Arabian nights; visitor feedback & search feature; feast days from the ancient world, Roman deities & their Greek counterparts; 7000+ articles related to mythology divided into geographical regions(Greek, Roman, Norse, Celtic, Native American) so you can search via country; special gallery sections: heroes, genealogical information;

Encyclopedia of Diderot & d'Alembert 27 February 2005
32 volumes amply illustrated with engraved plates published, 1751-77; online English version links to original French; search currently available articles or browse by title, French title, or subject; look at famous Map of the System of Human Knowledge

Eurodicautom(European Commissions) 1 August 2003
searchable multilingual terminology(agriculture, telecommunications, transport, legislation, finance) related to European Union(EU) policy; Dutch, French, German, Italian, Danish, English, Greek, Portuguese, Spanish, Finnish, Swedish, Latin; user guide.

EUROPA: Key facts & figures about Europe & Europeans 9 February 2008
European Union (EU) site; quality of life, transport, economic activity & trade; "What's New?" - reports & fact sheets that address food safety, biofuels standards, & EU's efforts to combat gender stereotypes; Fact Sheets on Europe;

Exemplar searches 1900+ Springer journals for word or phrase usage in published literature 24 December 2009
Comprehensive coverage of current & archival content in subject areas including the life sciences, medicine, engineering, mathematics, computer science, business, & law, contributed by leading academics in these fields;

Factbites (Rapid Intelligence) 18 August 2007
use linguistic analysis & data mining to determine content of web sites, calculate relevance, & determine in-depth sites; provides full sentences about topic rather than sentence fragments; delves into tone & subject matter of topic; seeks authoritative & informative content - encyclopedia-style fact-based descriptions; limitations - doesn't handle advanced searches well, no phrase searches, obscure topics retrieve no results; Sydney developer also produces data-mining tool NationMaster.com & Qwika.com wiki search engine;

Fagan Finder: Biographies 26 May 2002
Scientists, mathematicians, inventors, authors, musicians, celebrities; & search engines

Flags of World 3 February 2003
18000+ pages about flags/32000+ images; browse country; page, title; date of last update; topics including oil companies, pirates, signal flags, weather flags, flags in movies; flag history, symbology,different incarnations; words commonly used in vexillology; FAQ

Food Timeline 10 January 2009
hints on how to research on food history; links to individual ingredients, complete dishes & historically important cookbooks; Teacher Resources, Historic Menu Collections, Digitized Cookbooks, Historic Food Prices;

Freebase open database 9 July 2008
learns fast through a combination of automated information harvesting & machine & human organization, collects information from sources like Wikipedia & MusicBrainz, user uploads & edits; Programmatic access to structured data allows mashups to be built that "know things"; lets you run complex queries difficult or impossible to run in conventional databases; 4m topics;

Free On-Line Translation Services in 7 Languages 5 November 2004
Language Dynamics Corp; Dutch, English, French, German, Italian, Portuguese & Spanish; yearly subscription or free with advertising banners

Global Gateway(Library of Congress) 27 August 2004
electronic resources on nations of world selected by Library of Congress subject experts; research guides & databases on country studies & legal info.

Glossarist 6 June 2003
searchable directory of glossaries & topical dictionaries; Google Glossaries phrase search returns definitions of word or phrase from web-based glossaries & thesauri; caution; repeat searches using 'OR' command to search for synonyms; see also relevant Open Directory Project or Librarians' Index to the Internet category & look for a subcategory with word "glossaries", "terminology" or "dictionaries".

Google Knol 17 December 2007
selected people try a free tool knol which stands for a unit of knowledge; authoritive articles on particular subjects; 21 Aug 2009: Public Library of Science(PLoS) non-profit organization providing free access to scientific & medical literature will use Knol to give scientists a place to collaborate & share research;

Google Transliterate 5 April 2010
type a Roman character & Google transliterates it to the equivalent character in 19 languages; doesn't offer the translation feature of Google Translated Search but allows search for mentions of a name or brand in a language you cannot easily type;

How much is that? 30 July 2004
comparative value covering purchasing power, exchange rates, other variables between past & present US & UK

How to Clean Anything 3 October 2003
1000+ tips from cleaning professionals for your house, yard, vehicles, pets, belongings; stain removal; cleaning terms; directory of providers;

How-To Search Engine, FindHow 28 July 2011
focuses on indexing only high-quality How-To's, typically from well-known, recognized brand names or individuals. Many of these sources (often companies, government entities, or educational institutions) have other motives for providing information besides pure profits, & most have trusted, off-line brand name reputations to protect - which encourages them to focus on providing trustworthy & high-quality information; heavily biased towards US; See also eHow: how to do just about everything;

HyperDictionary includes thesaurus & medical, dream & computer dictionaries 6 November 2003

Index Translationum 12 January 2006
cumulative bibliographical information on books translated & published in 100 UNESCO Member States since 1979; 1.5m+ entries; updated quarterly; references registered before 1979 are available in National depository libraries & UNESCO library in Paris;

Infography 29 September 2002
student, librarian, or teacher- identify superlative sources about a subject; often books & journals rather than web sites

InfoNation 17 February 2004
compare statistical data for UN Member States; chart up to five countries(population, population density, largest urban agglomeration, surface area), economic data(urban growth rate, gross domestic product(GDP), GDP/capita, tourist arrivals, growth of economic activity rate for adult female population), environmental data(energy consumption, carbon dioxide emissions, water resources, cropland, precipitation, forested area, threatened species), health data(undernourished, infant mortality, population aged 0-14, fertility) & technological data(primary energy production, motor vehicles, telephone lines, Internet users, television receivers, newspaper circulation); Country at a Glance provides statistical information, brief analyses

Internet Collegiate Reference Collection(ICRC) 19 August 2001
Free Reference Materials; catalog of titles not an index to their contents. Truncation is automatic

JewishEncyclopedia.com 21 December 2002
complete contents of 12-volume Jewish Encyclopedia published 1901-1906; 15000+ articles & illustrations. Browse alphabetically or search article titles, texts, ,image captions;

Jewish Women: A comprehensive historical encyclopedia 20 March 2009
2000 carefully researched articles depicting Jewish women worldwide since biblical times; Browse by keyword, country, or time period; glossary; From the Jewish Women's Archive(JWA);

Knol (a unit of knowledge) authoritative articles about specific topics 24 July 2008
In Knol the author may reserve the right to accept or reject rewrites. This is called “Moderated Collaboration” by Google;

Knowledge engines 4 July 2009
Kngine; Wolfram Alpha; Google Squared; Cyc; TrueKnowledge; 28 April 2010: Kngine Stats statistical platform/portal collectuing, organizing & indexing 65m records of statistical data from resources such as UN, World bank, CIA Factbook; a stand alone Application soon to empower Kngine; users to add statistics & perform advanced operations;

LangId tells you what language text is in 24 August 2009
cut & paste text into dialog box,upload a DOC, PDF, or XLS file for analysis, send (short) text to LangId via Twitter, or email document;

Manuals: pdf ebook datasheet manual search engine 25 July 2009
See also Manuals Online database 300000+ free manuals, 5000 brands, & 2m+ members; User manuals for appliances, automotive, cameras, electronics, music, power tools; inventory your manuals & solutions; Store detailed information about products; Receive personalized updates about products in your inventory; Manuals search engine: software manuals; The Manuals - Free Manuals Online;

Martindale's Calculators On-Line Center 21 November 2003
19000+ calculators for work, home, play; science & math; management & business; calculators for librarians - cataloguing , linear footage calculator.

Memory of the World Register 14 June 2007
documentary heritage identified by International Advisory Committee meetings in Tashkent(September 1997), Vienna(June 1999), Cheongju City(June 2001), Gdansk(August 2003) & Lijiang(June 2005) & endorsed by Director-General of UNESCO as corresponding to selection criteria for world significance;

MetaGlossary 29 June 2008
extracts meanings of terms & phrases from web & provides concise, direct explanations for terms & phrases; organizes these meanings based on topic & usage for easier access; phrases, acronyms, technical jargon, & slang;

Money - past, present &future: information on monetary history, contemporary developments, & electronic money 30 April 2009

Monthly Climatic Data for World 14 June 2004
mean temperature, pressure, precipitation, vapor pressure, hours of sunshine for 2000 data collection stations worldwide; monthly mean upper air temperatures, dew point depressions, wind velocities for 500 observing sites; 4-6 month; browse by date back to 1948;

NamesDatabase community of 30m+who connect through secure & private people search tools 22 April 2011
FOSS: Free & open source software, also F/OSS, FOSS, or FLOSS (free/libre/open source software)

NationMaster.com 4 July 2003
generate graphs to compare nations from CIA World Factbook, World Bank, OECD(Organisation for Economic Co-operation & Development), WTO(World Trade Organization), WHO, FAO;

National Portrait Gallery: Portrait Search(Smithsonian Institution) 10 September 2005
80000+ portrait records; sitter name can be combined with artist name, medium, dates, & criteria, such as sitter or artist's distinction; prominent in business or politics & government; 12000 records for paintings, sculpture, prints, drawings, photographs of individuals for significant contributions to US history & culture; Catalog of American Portraits(CAP) combines NPG search with 70000 additional records for American portraits in public & private collections; biographical search for names, dates, keywords of 50000+ portrait records (links to digital images); Browse themes(US presidents & Hispanic portraits);

OneLook dictionaries 15 June 2004
search 6m+ words in 970+ dictionaries; search definitions, translations, or all dictionaries; spelling tips; OneLook Reverse Dictionary - type concept into search engine & receive a list of related words

Online Etymology Dictionary 26 December 2004
based on Weekley's An Etymological Dictionary of Modern English, Klein's A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the English Language, Oxford English Dictionary (2nd ed), Barnhart Dictionary of Etymology, Kluge's Etymologisches Wörterbuch der Englischen Sprache, Ayto's 20th Century Words, Chapman's Dictionary of American Slang

Oxford Dictionary of National Biography by subscription 21 September 2004
original articles completely rewritten or revised; 60 volumes; From earliest times to year 2000; no living persons; 1/5 biographies have a portrait

Oxford Digital Reference Shelf 23 March, 2005
Oxford Encyclopedia of Food & Drink in America, Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt, Oxford Encyclopedia of Economic History, Oxford Dictionary of the Renaissance; purchase fee includes unlimited remote user access; buy print & online

Oxford Online 25 March 2005
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford Reference Online, Oxford Scholarship Online, Oxford English Dictionary Online, Grove Art Online, Grove Music Online, American National Biography Online, Oxford Digital Reference Shelf; 170+ Oxford journals online;

Phrase Finder phrases, sayings, quotes & cliches; discussion forum archived 15 August 2003
See also Phrases.net for common phrases, casual expressions & idioms browsed, searched & translated into various languages with companion website Abbreviations.com & volunteer editors;

PolySearch General English Dictionaries 4 September 2003
select up to 20 web-based English language dictionaries; PolySearch Bio(Biographical Databases) & PolySearch Energy.

Project Wombat 10 March 2006
e-mail discussion list for difficult reference questions; free; continues tradition of Stumpers-L list from Dominican University with new options; 3 versions: main list follows off-beat, eclectic tone set by Stumpers -L, moderated in retrospect like that list; Project Wombat FM heavily filtered version only questions & answers are distributed (for busy readers); Project Wombat Open minimal filtering to keep out spam, all posts from subscribers are accepted; messages go to all 3 lists; the only difference is which messages make it through;

Q&A: Reference services online 9 June 2007
ChaCha combines best search engines with a community of skilled search experts; 4 Jan 2008 Mobile Search via SMS; Answer Searching & Answer Search Engines(Search Engine Watch, 15 Sept 05); Fluther; Who's Asking? A Roundup of Q&A Sites; Askville (Amazon) share & discuss knowledge; QueryCAT built off Alexa Web Search platform with addition of QueryCAT's "unique question recognition technology"; database of 4m+ questions & answers; Uclue paid answers service; XooxleAnswers.com ; Slam the Boards (Answerboard Librarians) librarians are invited to invade the answer sites such as Yahoo Answers, Amazon’s Askville, & Wikipedia Reference Desk to promote libraries by answering queries on certain days making it clear that their answers are by a library professional; Add a link to their library, & suggest that readers should consider finding answers in their own libraries; Chat & Networking; Wikipedia Reference Desk - leave questions on the reference desk and Wikipedia volunteers work to help you find the information you need; WikiAnswers - user-driven component of Answers.com where visitors contribute what they know and ask about what they don't; See REFERENCE -- Libraries & Librarianship/Information Science -- Online Reference; 12 Feb 2011: True Knowledge now includes Quotations & the meaning of names;

Quotations 7 March 2010
Quotiki's explore quotes through tag filters & sorting options;other tabs to navigate quotes through Sources(books, movies, tv shows, etc), People (quote authors), Tags (keywords community tagged quotes & authors), Users (community members, friends); 12 Feb 2011: True Knowledge now includes Quotations & the meaning of names;12 Mar 2012: Google Book Search for quotations;

Rees's Cyclopædia(New Cyclopaedia, or, Universal Dictionary of the Arts & Sciences) 1 April 2012
(check links to digitised volumes) important C19th encyclopaedia regarded by some as subversive when it appeared edited by Revd. Abraham Rees(1743–1825); The acclaimed Cyclopaedia of Ephraim Chambers published in 1728 (digitised by U of Wisonsin) was re-edited by Abraham Rees in 1778 with incorporation of a supplement & new matter, issued from 1779 to 1786(fol. 4 vols.); reprinted 1788-91(fol. 4 vols.) In recognition of his labour he was elected in 1786 a fellow of the Royal Society, & subsequently the Linnean Society & American Society. The favour shown to his work led him to project a similar but more comprehensive publication on an ampler scale. The first part of the New Cyclopeadia, or Universal Dictionary of Arts & Sciences together with the subjects of Biography, Geography, & History, was issued on 2 Jan. 1802, completed in August 1820 issued in parts at irregular intervals, two parts constituting a volume, published in London by Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown;

RefSeek web search engine for students & researchers 2 January 2010
aims to make academic information easily accessible; searches 1b+ documents including web pages, books, encyclopedias, journals, & newspapers, definitions, math calculations, & an expanded reference directory; search tips;

ReligionLink official website of Religion Newswriters Association & its Foundation 6 June 2003

Rosetta Project 1 August 2006
global collaboration of language specialists & native speakers building a publicly accessible online archive of human languages; by geography, family, name, classification(in process);

Rules of Thumb, unwritten code for how to ___; homemade recipe for making a guess 3 March 2010
database of 5000 different rules of thumb in 155 categories ranging from Advertising to Wine;

Sacred Texts Archive 27 September 2003
non-profit archive of electronic texts about religion, mythology, legends & folklore, occult & esoteric topics in English translation & sometimes original language;

Scholarpedia 16 November 2006
peer-reviewed by scholars developing 3 documents: Encyclopedia of Computational Neuroscience, Encyclopedia of Dynamical Systems & Encyclopedia of Computational Intelligence;

Search-22 references searches 2 August 2002
Search engines, directories, encyclopedias, dictionaries, quotations/proverbs

Sharp World Clock 4.55 21 March 2010
program allows users to set up any number of digital or analog clocks in a row or grid, & visitors can customize clocks to show different national flags & backgrounds; show sunrise & sunset times, lunar phases, day or night indicators; Windows 98+; free 15-day trial;

Similpedia project of Similario tries to associate web content with Wikipedia articles 25 August 2007
find English Wikipedia articles with similar content to blog, news article, or web page; paste URL, paragraph, or whole page & Find Similar; intelligent analysis algorithm processes 1.8m+ English articles for list of titles estimated as similar & relevant to query; Tools.

Stubborn facts & slippery statistics 8 December 2011
QuoteInvestigator.com investigating & tracing quotations; FactCheck.org aims to reduce the level of deception & confusion in US politics; PolitiFact.com examines statements by members of Congress, state legislators, governors, mayors, the president, cabinet secretaries, lobbyists, people who testify before Congress & anyone else who speaks up in American politics; Fullfact.org UK not-for-profit fact-check organisation funded by registered charities & individual donations; StraightStatistics.org pressure group formed by legislators, statisticians 7 journalists aiming to detect & expose distortion & misuse of statistical information, & identify those responsible;

Telephone numbers: Reverse Number Search 16 December 2007
Sullr - look up phone number (US, Argentina, Belgium, France, Italy) for address & map;

TextRunner(Turing CenterKnowItAll Project) 24 December 2007
searches assertions extracted from 100m+ web pages on nutrition, history of science, general knowledge; sorts results by probability;

Top 10 Sources 3 June 2006
subscription directory of freshest, most relevant content; editors search Web 2.0 - syndicated sources - blogs, podcasts, wikis, news sites; frequent updates

Translate a web page 1 September 2004
Systran, Fagan Finder(Translation Wizard), Babel Fish(AltaVista) or alphaWorks - Machine Translation(IBM.); imperfect translations; LOGOS multi-lingual e-translation portal translates a word into several languages at the same time; 12 free online language translation tools; Lingro collaborative dictionary & translation service combines open dictionaries on web with user contributions under CreativeCommons license; javascript bookmarklet makes every word on page clickable for a dictionary pop-up; add your own definitions; audio pronunciations; only supports European languages; upload files from your desktop to translate on the fly; Google Translation Toolkit Google Docs like interface to upload documents for translation & use advanced tools like multilingual gloassaries & translation memories; upload a document from your computer, type web url, translate a Wikipedia or a Knol article;

Translation Wizard 7 August 2003
online translators mainly Machine Translators(i.e. full sentence translation); Enter word, full sentences; 45+ languages & dialects from Afrikaans to Yiddish; multiple file formats; SWF(Flash) & PDF supported, international keyboard - diactrics, Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, or Hebrew scripts. Right-to-left languages too; See also Free On-Line Translation Services in 7 Languages; Omniglot portal for language- & translation-related resources; FreeTranslation text & web site translation in European & Asian languages, desktop translation tool subscription; PROMT free translation of text, web sites & email betweeen English, German, French, Spanish, Portuguese & Russian; WorldLingo free translation of up to 150 words for text, web pages & email in 15 languages, specialized online glossaries; freelang.net - download/view dictionaries, resources including tools for hand-held devices & free online translation software, free human translation for short texts; Webliography: translation resources;

Universcale [Macromedia Flash Player]. Nikon 4 August 2007
insight into the world of scale, comparing & understanding things which cannot be physically compared; the known universe to the microscopic;

US Army Field Manuals 23 August 2006
selected fulltext US Army Field Manuals(FMs), War Department Pamphlets(WD PAMs), Department of the Army Pamphlets(DA PAMs);

Virtual Reference Shelf: Selected Web Resources 30 May 2002
Library of Congress collection of links organized into subject divisions, including public & university library links organized by state, city, county; Ask a librarian for e-mail help from a division, specialized reference service, or reading room in Library of Congress.

Visual dictionary 16 July 2006
uses images to explain objects, listing all component parts in English & French; images in JPG (to reduce size) & EPS (Postscript printer language); files visualised & imported in many graphic & page layout softwares; unavailable for Web but used to generate JPG images ; See also Merriam-Webster online visual dictionary 20000+ terms & 6000+ illustrations (watermarked); browse by topic; keyword search the index; See also Visuwords graphical dictionary;

Visual Thesaurus 2.0(Cognitive Science Laboratory, Princeton U) 7 November 2002
WordNet lexical reference system inspired by psycholinguistic theories of human lexical memory; 50000+ words/40000+ phrases/70000+ sense meanings; alternative nouns, verbs, adjectives & adverbs to any word input; filter relevant alternatives by selecting only nouns, verbs, adjectives or adverbs; User Guide; Netscape 7.0 or IE 4.0+ & Mozilla; Java needed; Visuwords™ online graphical dictionary for meanings & associations with other words & concepts; diagrams of how words associate;

VisualWikipedia 12 January 2009
Wikipedia data presented visually with each article followed by a tag cloud & often a mind map detailing how the subject of the article relates to other concepts; blocks of text represented by linked headings; right margin of articles links to related YouTube videos; search shortcuts for the topic on YouTube, Flickr, Google, Yahoo!, Yahoo! News & Google Maps;

What Was the Exchange Rate Then? 30 July 2004
exchange rate data for any year or range of years between US$ & other currencies. Time periods vary for different countries, generally cover early 1900s to 1999; changes in world currency units; sources & links; Part of Economic History Service; Measuring Worth;

WikiHow 18 June 2005
collaborative writing project for world's largest how-to manual on open source software from WikiMedia Foundation; search how-to articles, browse topics

Wikipedia 10 March 2005
See also Answers.com 1-click answers tool for Wikipedia & shortcuts of major search engines - Yahoo s., Google s., Ask Jeeves s; Wikiwax indexes 800000+ Wikipedia terms with 2200000 rotations; Wikiwax index to Wikipedia - based on SurfWax's LookAhead [TM]search term suggestion; Gollum Wikipedia browser for fast access Wikipedias in all languages & special customizing features; compared to EB; Encyclopedia Britannica strikes back; Qwika searches multiple Wikis, provides translated pages(Beta) 4/3/06; Can Wikipedia conquer expertise?(New Yorker, 2006-07-31); FUTEF in beta searches Wikipedia by keyword & by category Firefox plugin; WikiWax dynamic searching of W; W.: To Use or Not To Use; demo Grokker visual search on Wikipedia; Exalead interface NEAR operator, truncation & nested parenthesis; (18 Aug 2007) Similpedia project of Similario tries to associate web content with Wikipedia articles & find relevant English Wikipedia articles with similar content to a blog, news article, or web page; Scientific citations in W.(First Monday, Aug 07); Wikipedia Scanner data- mining service traces Wikipedia entries to their corporate sources; WikiScanner tracks edits to Wikipedia & identifies source by IP number; See also Scholaepedia free peer reviewed encyclopedia by scholars; Philosophy democratized? A comparison between Wikipedia & 2 other Web–based philosophy resources by Beate Elvebakk(First Monday Volume 13, Number 3 - 3 March 2008); Powerset semantic search (Beta) searches 2.5m+ Wikipedia topics in English; For many questions, Powerset returns answers from Freebase™, an open, shared database; Topic queries get a compact summary of Factz extracted from Wikipedia; Dossiers summary of information found in Freebase & Wikipedia for quick overview of topic; Semantic Highlighting of most relevant search results; Minibrowser - result expanded to show snippet in context of full Wikipedia article -click on a search result to summarize long pages of content; Article Outline navigational tool follows users as they read Wikipedia articles; Summary of Factz automatically generated summary of key Factz on the page; Explore Factz guide of key relationships & topics in the page which clickable to highlight relevant Factz; Top 10 ways to search Wikipedia; (29 Jun 2008)test extension WikiTrust evaluates every word on Wikipedia, highlights text added by authors with lesser reputation; WikiSlices displays topics & sub topics related to what you are searching or browsing; Deletionpedia archive of pages deleted from the English-language Wikipedia; Putting the Library in Wikipedia(Online, Sep/Oct 2008); VisualWikipedia - Wikipedia data presented visually with each article followed by a tag cloud & often a mind map detailing how the subject of the article relates to other concepts; blocks of text represented by linked headings; right margin of articles links to related YouTube videos; search shortcuts for the topic on YouTube, Flickr, Google, Yahoo!, Yahoo! News & Google Maps; Wikimedia Commons, Wikipedia's repository for free, sharable multimedia files; Search hive mind with Wikipedia edits – Wikirage; Search W from command line; Contextual search within Wikipedia; Wikipedia & Semantic Web, Part 1, Part 2; DBpedia, one of the largest sources of Linked Data on the Web, extracts structured information from Wikipedia & makes it available: 2.9m+ things including at least 282000 persons, 339000 places, 88000 music albums, 44000 films, 1,000 video games, 119000 organizations, 130000 species & 4400 diseases; DBpedia Spotlight tool for annotating mentions of DBpedia resources in text, providing a solution for linking unstructured information sources to Linked Open Data cloud through DBpedia, can be used for Named Entity Recognition, Name Resolution amongst other information extraction tasks; Wikitude augmented reality encyclopaedia: 10000 points of interest that mash up geolocation, augmented reality & Wikipedia entries; 2 Aug 2011: Visibility of W in scholarly publications; 15 Jan 2012: WikiMindMap tool to browse Wiki content is a modified version of GNU GPL licenced Flash browser for FreeMind free mind-mapping software written in Java; 31 Mar 2012: Infographic : Wikipedia – redefining research;

Word Finder & Word Pattern Finder 9 May 2010
search parameters: length of word, letters it starts with, ends with, or has somewhere inside it, & even unscramble them, 2 dictionaries to choose from including official Scrabble dictionary;

wordIQ.com 31 August 2004
searchable reference tool with results from dictionary, encyclopedia, thesaurus; free & non-profit

World Factbook 2003(CIA) 21 August 2003
January 1, 2003 world snapshot; country information to August 1, 2003; 250 countries & regions in 9 primary, 134 sub categories; World Factbook Dashboard graphical representation of CIA Factbook data worldwide using IBM ILOG Elixir & Adobe Flex technology. includes synchronised interaction between maps, gauges, treemaps, radars & 3D chart;

World wide encyclopedia of Christianity 4 December 2005
links to the contents of Catholic Encyclopedia, Easton's Bible Dictionary, Smith's Bible Dictionary, Torrey's Topical Textbook, Elwell's Dictionary of Christian Theology, & Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of religious knowledge;

xlation.com Dictionaries, glossaries, grammars, etc. for many languages 4 July 2002

xrefer (now Credo Reference, 23 June 2007)
50+ reference titles/500000+ entries; encyclopedias, dictionaries, thesauri; books of quotations; fulltext, aggregated content; Research Mapper displays how search terms & topics interconnect for any search results; xreferences cut across topics, titles & publishers, as well as text, audio & image files; 1.25m entries, 66000 images/76000 audio files; public version of Mapper includes Bridgeman Art Library Archive, Webster's New World Computer Dictionary, Dorland's Illustrated Medical Dictionary & Academic Press Dictionary of Science & Technology; conversion calculator; number of publisher partners currently working with Xrefer increased to 42 with McGraw Hill partnership(2 April 2005); diversity preferent ranking takes different facets from grouped results; (23 April 2009) founded as Xrefer in 1999, a free open access rival to Wikipedia. Relaunched 2003 w. 410 titles from 62 publishers libraries can select titles ($40,000 value for several thousands, by subscription to get all titles) access to any of a possible 3205731 entries, from 414 titles & 63 publishers (23/4/2009);

Yahoo! Answers 15 December 2005
askquestions on any topic, get answers by sharing facts, opinions, personal experiences; answers in the Yahoo! Answer database are searchable;

ZoomInfo 4 April 2005
summarization search engine finds, understands & extracts latest online information about people & companies; concise, useful summaries; from corporate & personal websites, government filings, press releases & public sources via search engines like Yahoo & Google.