Valency is the combining capacity of an element
Valency 1 2 3 4 2 2 2 2,3 2,3 2,4 1,2 2 3 4 3 to 5 2 to 6 1to 7
Oxidation
number		 1 2 3 4 Transition elements show multiple valencies and oxidation states 4 -3 -2 -1 0
Types of bonds Ionic Ionic Ionic Ionic Ionic Ionic Ionic Ionic Ionic Ionic Ionic Ionic Ionic Covalent covalent/
Ionic		 Ionic Ionic 0
Gr  I A[1] Gr  IIA Gr IIIA Gr IVA Gr VA Gr VIA Gr VIIA Gr VIIIA Gr IB Gr II B Gr IIIB Gr IVB Gr  VB Gr  VIB Gr  VIIB[2] Gr VIIIB[3]
H
    1		      [4]         He
        2
Li
     3		 Be
      4		  
B
      5		 C
        6		 N
       7		 O
      8		 F
      9		 Ne
        10
Na
     11		 Mg
    12		  [5]   Al
        13		 Si
       14		 P
     15		 S
      16		 Cl
       17		 Ar
       18
K
       19		 Ca
      20		 Sc
    21		 Ti
    22		 V
   23		 Cr
     24		 Mn
     25		 Fe
    26		 Co
    27		 Ni
    28		 Cu
    29		 Zn
    30		 Ga
     31		 Ge
    32		 As
       33		 Se
       34		 Br
      35		 Kr
      36
Rb
       37		 Sr
       38		 Y
  39		 Zr
   40		 Nb
    41		 Mo
    42		 Tc
   43		 Ru
    44		 Rh
    45		 Pd
    46		 Ag
    47		 Cd
     48		 In
   49		 Sn
    50
Sb
     51
Te
    52		 I
  53		 Xe
     54
Cs
       55		 Ba
        56
Hf
    72
      		 Ta
    73		 W
    74		 Re
     75		 Os
    76		 Ir
   77		 Pt
    78		 Au
    79		 Hg
    80		 Tl
   81		 Pb
    82		 Bi
     83		 Po
    84		 At
    85		 Rn
     86
Fr
       87		 Ra
      88		 Rf
    104       		 Db
    105		 Sg
    106		 Bh
   107		 Hs
    108		 Mt
    109		 Uun
     110		 Uuu
     111		 Uub
      112
La
   57		 Ce
    58		 Pr
    59		 Nd
    60		 Pm
     61		 Sm
     62		 Eu
     63		 Gd
     64 		 Tb
    65		 Dy
     66		 Ho
     67		 Er
    68		 Tm
     69		 Yb
     70		 Lu
   71
Ac
   89		 Th
     90		 Pa
     91		 U
   92		 Np
    93		 Pu
    94		 Am
     95		 Cm
      96		 Bk
    97		 Cf
     98		 Es
    99		 Fm
    100		 Nd
     101		 No
    102		 Lr
   103
[1]
Alkali metals with one elctron in the outer most shell to be easily donated and become positive ion
[2]
Halogens with  p 5. it accepts an electron to become negatively charged halide
[3]

Inert gases- p orbital is completely filled
p 6 except for He  where s orbital  is completely filled s 2
[4]
p level orbitals fill in
from p 1 - p6
[5]
The transition series with the d level orbitals filled in from d1 - d10